The goal of the project is to identify the features of the formation of an adaptive immune response in the population of different climatic regions, depending on gender, age and social status. As part of a scientific problem, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive immunological examination of residents of northern, southern (arid, mountainous) and other regions with the study of the regulation of the processes of differentiation of immunocompetent cells, cytotoxic activity, apoptosis, antibody production, etc., forming an adaptive immune response. The relevance of the task provides for the search for evidence of the relationship of various ratios of phenotypes of lymphocytes, antibody production, cytotoxic and cytokine activity with the formation of stages of the immune response and regulation of their duration, due to the climatic and ecological characteristics of the region of residence and social tension. Physiological mechanisms of adaptive restructuring of the body in response to the complex effect of unfavorable factors naturally lead to reactive shifts aimed at maintaining homeostasis, including the immune one. To restructure the level of functioning of vital systems in unfavorable climatic and ecological conditions, the activation of regulatory mechanisms is required. The result can be achieved at the cost of a significant strain on the mechanisms of immune regulation.