Kitchen waste has the characteristics of high moisture content, high salt, many impurities, complex and changeable composition, easy acidification, etc. There are also problems such as huge equipment investment, complex process, multiple treatment procedures, high cost and low output value. At present, the commonly used kitchen waste resource disposal technologies mainly include composting, anaerobic fermentation, and feed conversion and Hermetia illucens L. bio-transformation technologies. Compared with Hermetia illucens L. bioconversion technology, aerobic composting, anaerobic fermentation, and feed conversion have the problems of poor catabolism of organic matter, high cost, incomplete treatment, and homogenous pollution. The Hermetia illucens L. can not only eat fresh food waste, but also has the advantages of a wide range of diet, large intake, moderate development cycle, easy feeding, comprehensive nutritional value of larvae, high ecological safety, strong stress resistance, and insensitive to oil and salt etc., making it the only biological species with industrialization prospects in the field of kitchen waste disposal. The domestic research in the past ten years has mainly focused on the growth and development characteristics of Hermetia illucens L., the harmless disposal of livestock and poultry manure, the nutritional value of larval feed, and protein extraction and the development of the end products of Hermetia illucens L. (chitin, chitosan, etc.).